Capacitor
Capacitor (also known as condensor) as clear by its name it has capacity to store electrical energy. It is made of two metal foils separated by a insulater or dielectric, when connected between +ve and -ve end of a power supply it stores +ve charge to one foil (or plate) and -ve charge to another foil. Its value measured in farads and called capacitance. Narrower the gap between foils or plates higher will be the capacitance of the capacitor. Every capacitor has a certain working voltage beyond this voltage it breaks down. This called electric field strength of a capacitor. Capacitors are used in electronic circuits generally for blocking D.C. current and allowing A.C. current to pass. Capacitors are made in many types such as polyster capacitor, ceramic capacitor, tantalum capacitor, electolytic capacitor etc. Care should be taken while connecting electrolytic capaitors to the circuit as these have polarity and must be connected according to it. These are all fixed value capacitors, another type is variable capacitor which is used mostly in Radio frequency circuits (RF circuits) one example of variable capacitor is in radio receivers which is used to tune in to receive radio station signals.
Capacitors can be connected either in series or in parallel like resistors. The calculation of resultant value of capacitors connected in series or parallel will be different from the calculation of resistors as shown in figure below.
Above in fig-1 capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected in series. the resultant value between points A and B will be derived from the equation mentioned therein.
In fig-2 capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected in parallel, the resultant value between points A and B will be derived from the equation given above therein.
Capacitor (also known as condensor) as clear by its name it has capacity to store electrical energy. It is made of two metal foils separated by a insulater or dielectric, when connected between +ve and -ve end of a power supply it stores +ve charge to one foil (or plate) and -ve charge to another foil. Its value measured in farads and called capacitance. Narrower the gap between foils or plates higher will be the capacitance of the capacitor. Every capacitor has a certain working voltage beyond this voltage it breaks down. This called electric field strength of a capacitor. Capacitors are used in electronic circuits generally for blocking D.C. current and allowing A.C. current to pass. Capacitors are made in many types such as polyster capacitor, ceramic capacitor, tantalum capacitor, electolytic capacitor etc. Care should be taken while connecting electrolytic capaitors to the circuit as these have polarity and must be connected according to it. These are all fixed value capacitors, another type is variable capacitor which is used mostly in Radio frequency circuits (RF circuits) one example of variable capacitor is in radio receivers which is used to tune in to receive radio station signals.
Capacitors can be connected either in series or in parallel like resistors. The calculation of resultant value of capacitors connected in series or parallel will be different from the calculation of resistors as shown in figure below.
Above in fig-1 capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected in series. the resultant value between points A and B will be derived from the equation mentioned therein.
In fig-2 capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected in parallel, the resultant value between points A and B will be derived from the equation given above therein.
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